What is a superstructure?
In the switzerland termed superstructure the development of a plot of land on which several buildings are being built. If this development is spread over larger areas such as industrial sites or housing estates extends, is this called Site development referred to. The legislator decides at municipal level from which land area an area development can take place. Both terms refer both to the construction process as well as on the finished buildings.
Legislative framework
The concept of the development in Switzerland is subject to strict regulations. As early as 1969, the Spatial planning articles incorporated into the Federal Constitution, which gives the federal government the power to legally regulate superstructures. For the Planning and implementation However, cantons and municipalities are responsible for defining building regulations and spatial planning strategies in their area. Important legal bases are:
- Federal Spatial Planning Act (RPG) (since 1980): A framework law that is intended to ensure the orderly development and settlement of Switzerland.
- Spatial Planning Ordinance (RPV) (since 1989): An addition to the RPG that contains specific regulations for implementing spatial planning.
Functions and objectives of spatial planning
Swiss spatial planning is comprehensive and, in addition to urban development, also takes into account Protection of nature and cultural heritage, the environmental protection as well as the traffic And the economic development. There are a total of 129 spatial planning regions in Switzerland, which are responsible for spatial organization and building regulations in their areas. Key tasks include:
- Utilization planning and building code in urban and rural areas
- environmental protection measures and monument protection
- Regulation of Hygiene and safety regulations
Examples of developments in Switzerland
1st Cité du Lignon in Vernier/Geneva
The superstructure Cité du Lignon was created in the Geneva suburb of Vernier to meet the increasing demand for housing due to the influx of new residents due to the presence of international organizations, in particular United Nations, to cover. This large development consists of 2,800 apartments, which are combined in a building almost one kilometer long. In addition to living space, it includes restaurants, shops, schools and cultural institutions and offers space for around 7,500 people. The concept was so successful that it significantly relieved the infrastructure in downtown Geneva.
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cité_du_Lignon
2. Residential development in Oftringen (Canton Aargau)
Another example is the Ilgenhof development in St. Gallen, which was built by CREATIO AG. Here were two apartment buildings combined into a modern superstructure. The houses are in MINERGIE standard built, a Swiss label for energy-efficient construction that combines comfort and sustainability. This development combines environmentally friendly technologies with modern amenities and offers a total of 22 rental apartments.
https://www.creatio.ch/projekt/ilgenhof
Importance and trends
In many Swiss cities and rural regions, new developments are a An important tool for housing procurement. Cities such as Zurich and Geneva see each other as a result of population growth and the Migration from rural areas to cities presented major challenges. The demand for modern residential developments has risen sharply, in particular for new buildings that offer a high quality of living and sustainable construction.
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